What term describes the state of being placed close together or side by side to permit comparison or contrast?

The term that describes the state of being placed close together or side by side to permit comparison or contrast is juxtaposition. In architecture, juxtaposition is used to highlight differences or similarities between elements, such as materials, forms, or spaces. By placing two or more elements next to each other, architects can create a dialogue between them, leading to a deeper understanding of each element's characteristics and contributions to the overall design.

This technique is particularly effective in showcasing contrasting qualities, such as light and shadow, smooth and rough textures, or traditional versus modern styles. Juxtaposition can evoke emotional responses, provoke thought, and enhance the aesthetic experience by creating visual tension or harmony. It is a fundamental concept in architectural theory and practice, helping to enrich the narrative and functional aspects of a space.