Who developed the neighborhood principle based on the natural catchment area of community facilities?

The neighborhood principle, which emphasizes planning urban areas around the concept of a self-sufficient community where residents have easy access to community facilities, was developed by Clarence Perry. He introduced this principle in the early 20th century as part of his work on city planning, particularly in the context of health, safety, and welfare of the community. Perry's concept encompassed the idea that neighborhoods should be designed to ensure that essential services and amenities, such as schools, parks, and shops, are conveniently located within walking distance for families, fostering a sense of community and social interaction. His work laid the foundation for the design of modern neighborhoods and significantly influenced urban planning principles.

Other figures mentioned, while important in the realm of architecture and urban planning, focused on different aspects. Frederick Olmstead is renowned for his contributions to landscape architecture, particularly in designing public parks. Clarence Stein was known for his work on the Radburn system and designed new towns focusing on community layout but did not specifically develop the neighborhood principle. Arturo Soria Y Mata was a Spanish urban planner associated with the concept of linear urbanism, emphasizing the transportation network rather than community catchment areas.